First Time Campervan Holiday: Your Complete Guide from A to Z
- Damian Brzeski
- 3 days ago
- 36 min read
Dreaming of a vacation that doesn't stick to a rigid plan? Imagine waking up in a different place every morning - with a view of the mountains, a lake or the seashore. Traveling by camper is not just a way to get around, but a lifestyle full of freedom, independence and closeness to nature.
In this beginner's guide, you'll discover everything you need to know before you set off on your first mobile home journey – from choosing a vehicle to driving a car, to packing and camping. Ready for an adventure that begins where the asphalt ends?
Warning! Long article. But comprehensive ;)
Discover the freedom of travelling in a campervan!
Imagine waking up in a different place every day – once by a lake, once in the heart of a forest, and another time with a view of mountain peaks. Traveling by campervan gives you something that no hotel gives you: freedom of choice . You can stop wherever you want, change your route at the last minute, or stay longer where you feel at home.
It is this freedom, independence and proximity to nature that makes more and more people plan their first trip this way. You are not tied to one place – you decide where to spend the morning and where to have dinner.
What about food? Exactly! A camper is not only a means of transport, but also your own private kitchen on wheels. You can prepare your favorite dishes whenever you want, without queues and without a restaurant bill that makes your head spin. For many, this is a huge plus - you go wherever you want and eat whatever you like.
Campervans offer independence that you won't experience in traditional forms of recreation. It's a lifestyle that attracts those who don't like to be confined to rigid frameworks. Fancy a sunset in the mountains? Go. Or maybe a breakfast by the sea? The road is clear.
In the following parts I will show you what the first camper trip looks like, what to pay attention to and why it is worth going with a camper , even if you have never thought about it before.
Choosing a camper – Your mobile home on wheels
Choosing the right camper is the first serious step on the road to adventure on four wheels. It's a bit like choosing a new apartment - only with a view that changes every day. And since there are so many options, it's worth thinking carefully before you set off on your first trip .
Types of campers – which one will be best for you, which camper to choose?
The types of campers available for rent can be mind-boggling, but don't worry - we'll sort it out in a moment. After all, your first camper trip should be a joy, not a logistical nightmare.
Campervans
These are the most compact solutions available. Campervans are basically converted delivery vans with a minimalist interior. Advantages? Small dimensions, easy parking and great maneuverability - especially in the urban jungle or on winding mountain roads.
Perfect for couples or small families who value mobility and flexibility . Cons? Rather modest living space and limited amenities.
Semi-integrated (semi-integrated)
This is a step up. They combine the driver's cabin with the living area, offering more space and comfort than campervans. They are aerodynamic, do not burn as much as alcoves, and still provide space where you can stretch your legs. A great option for those who dream of a satisfying camper trip , but do not want to spend a fortune.
Integrated (integrated)
Luxury on wheels. These vehicles resemble small apartments – they have a large kitchen, bathroom, comfortable beds and plenty of living space. For whom? For those who plan long trips in a camper , value comfort and are not afraid of a larger budget. However, you have to remember: with an Integra it is more difficult to park in the town centre.
Alcove
Characteristic "humps" above the driver's cabin conceal additional sleeping space. Ideal for families and larger crews - there's no shortage of sleeping space here. Cons? Worse aerodynamics and higher fuel consumption, but there's a price to pay.
Your choice depends on many things: how many of you are going, how long the trip is, where you plan to sleep, what level of luxury you need and, of course, what your budget is.
By choosing well, you will ensure not only comfort, but also a safe trip in a camper that will remain in your memory for a long time.
Rent or Buy? A Decision at the Beginning of an Adventure
Are you wondering whether to buy a camper or rent one to start with? This is a very good question – especially if this is your first camper trip . There is no denying that renting a camper is a great option to start with. Why?
First of all – costs. Buying such a vehicle is a serious investment. There is also insurance, service, storage space and a whole host of other obligations. Meanwhile, traveling in a rented camper allows you to experience this lifestyle without obligations. You drive, test, check if it is your cup of tea.
Secondly, choice. With rental companies, you can test drive different types of campers and discover what you really need. Maybe you want a large bathroom? Or maybe you prefer something small and agile? You won't find that out from a catalogue - you just have to try it.
Renting works like a kind of “test drive” here. Instead of blindly spending a lot of money, you get a chance to test out a few options and gather experience.
And it is thanks to such attempts that many people ultimately decide to take a prepared camper trip according to their own rules – regardless of whether the vehicle is their own or borrowed.
So if you are just starting your adventure, rent a camper, pack a backpack and go – the world is your oyster!
How to choose a rental company and what to look for when renting
Before you set off on your first camper trip , it is worth considering the choice of rental company. This is a key step that can decide whether your camper adventure will be stress-free and full of pleasant memories, or rather riddled with unexpected problems.
It is best to choose proven, professional companies with good reviews. Sure, private offers sometimes tempt with price, but often go hand in hand with greater risk. It is not only the price that counts, but also the quality of service and the technical condition of the vehicle.
Don't be afraid to drive a dozen or so kilometers further if it turns out that another mobile home meets your expectations better - and at a lower price.
Always compare prices – but also check whether the amount given is gross or net. A small difference in description can make a big mess in your budget.
Before signing the contract:
Check carefully what the price includes – are there, for example, an awning, table, chairs, grill, dishes, and bedding included as standard?
Ask about the camper's equipment - every little thing that is missing will be an additional expense down the road.
The deposit is another thing to watch out for. It’s usually around 5,000 PLN – and it’s better to know when it comes back and what it might be charged for. Common reasons include: a dirty vehicle, no fuel, full sewage tanks, or minor damage. Be careful – cleaning can cost up to 500 PLN, so it’s worth the effort!
Another fee is the so-called service fee (150–600 PLN), included in the vehicle preparation for the road. Sometimes it is free for longer rentals – it is worth checking.
What else?
Mileage limit – is there one, how much is it and how much will you pay for exceeding it?
Can you travel abroad and to which countries?
Are trips with more than one driver allowed?
What are the minimum age and driving experience requirements?
Finally – training. Ask for instructions on how the toilet works in the camper , where the water tanks are, how to start the heating, what to do with the air conditioning. Also take care of the technical condition documentation – photos and videos are your best friends when returning the vehicle.
The more you learn at the start, the more peaceful and safer your camper journey will be. And that's what it's all about - enjoying the road, not struggling with minor problems.
Driving license and regulations - Safe driving in a camper
Before you hit the road in your dream motorhome , it's worth making sure that you're not only ready for adventure, but also legally able to get behind the wheel. After all, safe motorhome travel starts with knowing the rules.
What driving license for a camper?
It all depends on... weight. Or more precisely, the GVM, or permissible gross vehicle weight .
Category B – good news: in most cases, that's enough! With a category B driving license, you can drive a vehicle up to 3.5 tons. And that includes up to 95% of campers – from compact vans to larger semi-integrated or alcoves.
Category C1 – will be useful if you plan on driving a larger, massive camper van that weighs between 3.5 and 7.5 tonnes.
Category C – this is already heavy caliber. Campers over 7.5 tons are rare, but if you are planning a trip in such a giant – you need this category.
Category B+E – needed when you are towing a trailer and the whole combination exceeds 3.5 tonnes. Some people choose this solution looking for more flexibility.
Before you sign a contract or set off on a journey, be sure to check the GVM in your registration certificate . It's better to be safe than sorry - not having the right authorizations means not only the risk of a ticket, but also huge insurance problems.
Imagine that there is a collision. If you do not have a proper driving license, the insurer may refuse to pay compensation. Then all the costs – repairs, tow truck, and even covering other people's damages – are on you. Not a pleasant end to a camper trip , right?
So before you set off, make sure not only that you have a supply of coffee and a comfortable mattress, but also that everything is in order on the paperwork. Because the best adventures are the ones that don't end with a ticket!
The table below summarises the required driving licence categories:
GVM of the camper | Driving license category required | Additional notes |
Up to 3.5 tons | Category B | Sufficient for most campers. |
From 3.5 to 7.5 tons | Category C1 | Applies to larger campers, e.g. alcove type. |
Over 7.5 tons | Category C | For the heaviest campers. |
Camper with trailer (GVWR > 3.5 tons) | Category B+E | Allows you to drive a set of vehicles. |
Speed limits in Poland and Europe: What you need to know on your first camper trip
Speed limits for campers vary depending on their gross vehicle weight (GVM) and the country you are travelling in.
In Poland:
Campervans up to 3.5 tonnes GVW: Are treated as passenger cars.
Built-up area: 50 km/h (between 11 p.m. and 5 a.m. up to 60 km/h).
Outside built-up areas: 90 km/h on single-carriageway roads.
Single carriageway expressways: 100 km/h.
Motorways or dual carriageways: 120 km/h.
Campers over 3.5 tonnes GVW:
Built-up area: 50 km/h.
Outside built-up areas: 70 km/h.
Motorways and expressways: 80 km/h.
In Europe: Speeding laws can vary significantly from country to country, so always check local regulations before entering.
Germany: For campers up to 3.5 tons GVW the recommended speed is 130 km/h, and the maximum permitted speed may be 120 km/h. For heavier campers (>3.5 tons GVW) the maximum speed is 100 km/h.
France: Motorhomes up to 3.5 tonnes GVW can travel at 130 km/h on the motorway. For motorhomes over 3.5 tonnes GVW the limit on the motorway drops to 110 km/h, and on local roads it is 80-90 km/h.
Italy: Campervans over 3.5 tonnes GVW are limited to 100 km/h on the motorway.
Driving a camper is not the same as driving a regular passenger car. It is not only the steering wheel and gas that counts, but also... common sense and constant spatial thinking. Driving a camper is the art of taking into account its dimensions in every decision - from overtaking to choosing a parking space.
Regulations are regulations, but you can't cheat physics. More mass means longer braking distances, less agility and completely different driving dynamics. Even if the sign says 100 km/h, your four-wheeled home can behave completely differently than a typical car at 80 km/h.
Therefore, always adjust your speed not only to the regulations, but above all to:
road conditions,
weather,
visibility,
your experience.
Your safety and the safety of others should always come first – after all, travelling by camper is not a race, but an adventure with a view from the front row.
Remember: a leisurely ride is more than style – it’s a guarantee that your trip will end exactly where you want it to. And with a smile.
The table below shows the permitted speeds for campers in selected European countries:
Country | GVM of the camper | Built-up area | Outside built-up areas | Expressway | Highway |
Poland | up to 3.5 t | 50 km/h (60 km/h 23:00-5:00) | 90 km/h | 100 km/h (single carriageway), 120 km/h (dual carriageway) | 120 km/h |
> 3.5t | 50 km/h | 70 km/h | 80 km/h | 80 km/h | |
Germany | up to 3.5 t | 50 km/h | 100 km/h | 120 km/h | Recommended 130 km/h, max 120 km/h |
> 3.5t | 50 km/h | 80 km/h | 100 km/h | 100 km/h | |
France | up to 3.5 t | 50 km/h | 80-90 km/h | 110 km/h | 130 km/h |
> 3.5t | 50 km/h | 80-90 km/h | 110 km/h | 110 km/h | |
Italy | up to 3.5 t | 50 km/h | 90 km/h | 110 km/h | 130 km/h |
> 3.5t | 50 km/h | 80 km/h | 100 km/h | 100 km/h |
The specifics of driving a camper: Height, width, weight and maneuverability
Driving a camper is a completely different story than driving a regular car. Here, dimensions play the leading role: higher, wider and heavier. And that means you have to be careful not only on the road, but also… above it.
Before you hit the gas, take a look at the signs: Is the tunnel ceiling too low? Will the bridge support the weight of the vehicle? Or what about the narrow street in the city center? Ignoring these signs is asking for trouble, from a scratched roof to getting stuck under a viaduct and a costly “rescue.”
The large mass also means completely different driving dynamics. Driving a camper requires a greater distance from other vehicles, patience when overtaking and much greater caution. And parking? Well – here mirrors, a reversing camera and... an outside passenger come to the rescue, who will help you squeeze safely into a tight corner.
But don't worry - practice makes perfect , and each subsequent maneuver is a step forward. It's worth practicing in a quiet parking lot before you park between two campers at Solina.
Speaking of nature – campers are susceptible to strong side winds. A gust can shake the course quite a bit, so in gales it is best to position the vehicle facing forwards or backwards to the wind direction, never sideways. And absolutely do not stand under a tree – a falling branch can ruin your vacation.
Mountains? Great destination, but be careful.
Before setting off, check the brakes, engine and stock up on chains and winter tires. When going downhill – low gears and engine braking, because overheated brakes are enemy number one on serpentines.
And one more thing – even if your mobile home tempts you with comfort, everyone has to be strapped in while driving. Walking around the “living room” while driving is asking for trouble.
Remember – mastering these details is the key to safe travel in a camper and full control over this four-wheeled giant. And then – no route will be scary to you!
Parking Your Campervan: Practical Tips and Techniques
Understanding the differences between parking, camping and camping is fundamental to avoiding legal and financial problems.
Parking: This means leaving the camper in a parking lot or staying there overnight, without deploying external camping equipment such as an awning, table, chairs or levelling pads. In Poland, a camper with a GVM of up to 3.5 tonnes is treated as a regular passenger car, which means that it can be parked anywhere that parking is permitted for passenger cars, e.g. in motorway parking lots.
Camping/Camping: Refers to when you are using an awning, putting out camping furniture, using leveling pads, or otherwise occupying space outside the footprint of your vehicle. Such activity is only permitted in designated campgrounds or camper parks.
Most camper parks and campgrounds have their own rules regarding parking times and permitted activities. Camper parks are usually for short-term stays (1-3 days) and vehicle servicing, while campgrounds are designed for longer stays and offer more amenities.
Practical tips for parking:
Passenger assistance: When parking, especially when reversing, the assistance of a passenger who can observe the surroundings and indicate distances is invaluable.
Technologies: Use parking sensors and a reversing camera if your camper has them. They make precise maneuvering easier.
Practice: Regularly practicing parking in a safe, open space will help you gain skill and confidence.
Patience: Don't rush. Parking a camper requires precision and caution. Maneuver slowly.
Safe distance: Always keep a safe distance from other vehicles to avoid scratches or bumps.
Choosing a spot: Look for parking spots that are a reasonable size and on level ground, making it easy to enter and exit.
Weather conditions: In case of strong winds (gale), position the camper facing forwards or backwards to minimise the side area exposed to gusts. Avoid parking under trees which can be a hazard in case of strong gusts.
Preparing and packing your camper – A list of essentials for your camper trip
Properly preparing your camper and collecting the necessary equipment is the basis for a successful and safe trip.
Pre-trip motorhome inspection: What to check?
A thorough motorhome inspection before each trip is an investment in safety and peace of mind, minimizing the risk of breakdowns on the road. This is especially important for novice drivers.
Below is a checklist of items to check:
Fluid Levels: Check the engine oil, brake and coolant levels. Remember that after picking up the camper from the rental company, the responsibility for checking and replenishing fluids rests with the renter.
Tires: Check tire pressure and overall condition (tread depth, no damage). Proper pressure is essential for safety and fuel economy.
Lighting: Make sure all lights, turn signals and brake lights are working properly.
Brakes: Check the efficiency of the handbrake and the entire braking system, especially after a long period of inactivity. Rust on metal elements after winter can lead to burnt brake pads.
Gas system: Check the tightness of the gas system and the condition of the gas cylinders. Make sure that the cylinders are properly secured in the glove compartment.
Electrical appliances: Check the operation of all electrical appliances and the condition of the built-in battery. Make sure the refrigerator is working properly.
Water and toilet: Check the clean water level and the condition of wastewater tanks (grey water, feces). Check the operation of the toilet and make sure there are no leaks.
Security: Make sure all cabinets, doors, windows and roof hatches are properly closed and secured. Check the attachment of external accessories such as roof racks or bikes.
Safety equipment: Verify presence and condition of fire extinguisher, first aid kit and warning triangle.
Tools: Make sure you have basic tools for minor repairs, such as screwdrivers, wrenches, duct tape.
Documents: Check that you have all the necessary documents with you: camper registration certificate, valid insurance (third party liability, AC, assistance), rental confirmation (if applicable) and any permits.
Regularly checking and maintaining your camper is the best way to avoid problems during your trip and ensure a safe and enjoyable trip for you and your passengers.
Leveling your camper: The key to comfort when stationary
It may seem like a small thing, but it can ruin the whole evening – leveling a camper is a subject that cannot be taken lightly. A mobile home parked crookedly is not only a matter of uncomfortable sleeping with your head down. It also causes problems with the fridge, shower and cooking.
Yes, you read that right – a camper fridge really does work best when it’s level. And when the shower water is leaking everywhere and the eggs are sliding off the pan, you know something’s wrong…
So before you put up the awning and crack open a cold beer, take care of the level. How to do it?
You need special leveling wedges – these are plastic ramps that you place under the wheels.
You enter it with the wheel that is the lowest.
You check the level – preferably with a classic spirit level or an app on your phone (yes, there are such!).
After a few attempts, it will become routine, and your four-wheeled home will be as level as a pool table. It is worth the effort – because a well-leveled vehicle means more comfortable life at the campsite and trouble-free operation of the entire camper infrastructure.
Such a small thing, but it makes a huge difference, especially during longer stops. After all, when you're settled somewhere, it's nice for everything to work as it should - right?
What to take to your camper? A comprehensive packing list
Packing your camper properly is the art of optimizing space and resources. Below is a comprehensive list of essentials to pack for your first trip.
Documents, finances and first aid kit
Documents: Always carry your ID card or passport, driving license (make sure you have the right category for your camper), vehicle registration certificate, rental confirmation document (if the camper is rented), valid third party liability insurance (in EU countries Polish third party liability insurance is accepted, the Green Card is not always needed), insurance policy
assistance package and international accident report form.
Finance: Bring both a credit/EC card and cash. Cash can be useful for smaller expenses, vignettes or tolls in some countries.
First aid kit: A first aid kit in a camper should be more comprehensive than a standard home first aid kit, taking into account the specifics of the trip and the potential distances from pharmacies. It should contain personal medications, painkillers and antipyretics (e.g. paracetamol), plasters, bandages, disinfectant, insect repellent, sunscreen (min. SPF 30), anti-diarrheal medication, tweezers or tick traps, tissues and a thermometer. It is also worth considering taking an NRC foil (rescue sheet) and a disposable mask for artificial respiration.
Clothing, hygiene and bedroom equipment
Clothing: Pack in layers to be prepared for different weather conditions. You will need: rainproof pants and jackets, comfortable clothing (T-shirts, sweatshirts, sweaters, shirts), enough underwear and socks. Swimsuits will be useful for summer.
Footwear: Bring comfortable hiking shoes, sneakers, flip-flops (also for the shower) and optional wellies for rainy days.
Hygiene: Pack basic toiletries: toothbrush and toothpaste, bath gel, shampoo, razors and shaving foam, moisturising cream, wet wipes.
Toilet: Use special toilet paper that is 100% natural and decomposes quickly so as not to clog the camper toilet. Mosquito and tick repellent will also come in handy.
Bedroom: RVs usually come with sleeping areas, but it’s a good idea to bring your own bedding or sleeping bags, comfortable pillows, and warm blankets for those colder nights. Fitted sheets are practical in an RV. Choosing the right materials (e.g., quick-drying towels, special toilet paper) is key to effectively managing the limited space and systems in your RV, as it allows for faster drying and prevents plumbing issues.
Kitchen and food supplies
Cooking in a camper is the art of optimizing space and resources, and the right cookware and organization are key to comfort.
Kitchen equipment: You will need lightweight and multi-functional pots (preferably foldable, with detachable handles), a frying pan, dishes (e.g. made of melamine, which are unbreakable), cutlery, glasses (e.g. made of SUN plastic, which are lightweight and unbreakable), a small foldable chopping board, sharp knives, a kettle or a coffee maker, can and bottle openers and a corkscrew.
Cleaning: For washing dishes you will need: a bowl or foldable sink, a brush/sponge, washing-up liquid, dishcloths, kitchen towels and a dish drainer.
Organization: Lockable food storage boxes, trash bags (small ones for the trash, larger ones for dirty clothes), and drawer organizers will help keep things tidy in tight spaces.
Food supplies: To start with, it is a good idea to take basic dry goods (pasta, rice, groats), canned goods, spices, oil, salt, pepper, sugar, coffee, tea and bread. The fridge should be pre-stocked with fresh products such as cheese and cold cuts, especially if you are planning to travel through areas with few shops. A supply of bottled water is also advisable, as the water from the camper's tank is not always suitable for drinking.
Camping and recreational equipment
External camping equipment significantly expands the living space of the camper, but requires awareness of the rules for its use at various stops.
Camping furniture: Folding chairs and a table are essential for relaxing outside in your camper.
Sun/rain protection: A parasol or sun sail, as well as an awning (often included with a camper) will provide protection from the sun and rain. Optionally, you can take an additional awning tent.
Mounting accessories: Pegs, a rubber mallet and a set of awning straps (in case of wind) are useful for stabilizing your equipment.
Relaxation and atmosphere: Hammocks, LED lights and lanterns can create a pleasant atmosphere after dark.
Recreation: Depending on your preferences, it is worth taking sports equipment such as bikes and helmets (if the camper has a bike rack), hiking gear (trekking poles, backpack), fishing gear, surfboard/SUP, kayak/paddles, climbing gear, running clothes and shoes, frisbee, volleyball or a beach blanket.
Emergency tools and accessories
Independence in minor repairs and maintenance is key to comfort and safety, especially off the beaten track.
Basic tools: Set of screwdrivers, wrenches, electrical tape (silver, universal), cable ties, hammer and pliers.
For the vehicle: Engine oil supply, spare bulbs, spare wheel, jack, wheel chock, wheel wrench and drive-on chocks (useful both for levelling and in the event of a breakdown).
Winter accessories (if traveling in winter): Winter tires, snow chains, ice scraper, de-icer, winter windshield washer fluid and jumper cables (the battery may drain faster in low temperatures).
Charging and electricity: Mobile device charging cables, an extension cord (minimum 15 metres) and adapters for connecting to the campsite electricity grid (European CEE standard, blue 3-pin connector) are essential. It is also worth having power banks for trips outside the vehicle.
Water: Long hose to fill the water tank with a variety of quick connectors to fit different size taps.
Safety measures: Gas/carbon monoxide detectors, fire extinguisher
Investing in gas and carbon monoxide sensors is not only a matter of safety, but literally saving lives in the closed space of a camper.
Sensors: A carbon monoxide (CO) sensor is essential because CO is colorless, odorless, and highly toxic, resulting from the incomplete combustion of fuels, including gas. Even low levels of CO can have a negative effect on the body, and prolonged exposure can be fatal. It is also worth installing a combustible gas sensor (propane, butane, methane) that detects gas leaks and should be placed low to the floor because these gases are heavier than air.
Fire Extinguisher: Always have a fire extinguisher, fire blanket and fire extinguisher spray in your camper. A fire blanket can be used to put out burning clothing or to shield yourself from flames during an evacuation.
Motorhome Systems Service – Water, Electricity, Gas and Toilet
Managing your camper’s systems is key to a comfortable and trouble-free journey.
Water Management: Filling the Clean Water Tank and Emptying the Grey Water
Campers are equipped with two main water tanks: one for clean (drinking) water and one for grey (dirty) water.
Clean water: The clean water tank is used for washing, cooking and showering. It should be remembered that the water from this tank, although often used for cooking, is not usually intended for direct drinking, so it is recommended to have a separate tank for drinking water.
Filling the fresh water tank: This can be done at campsites that offer special water connections. Other places to fill up your water supply include petrol stations (with permission from the staff, preferably in conjunction with a fuel fill), rest areas on main roads (often where truck drivers stay overnight), wells (after checking the water quality), springs in mountainous regions, or even from locals by asking. Always bring your own several metres of hose with a variety of quick connectors to fit different sized taps.
Grey water: This is water used for showering, washing dishes or washing hands. It flows into a special tank mounted under the camper, equipped with a tap for waste disposal.
Emptying grey water: Grey water should only be poured out in designated areas. These are special catchments or drains available at campsites, camper service stations (marked as Camper service, Stellplatz, Aera di Sosta, Aire de Service), large petrol stations, truck stops or motorway service areas. Never empty tanks outside of permitted areas, as this can lead to unpleasant odours, health hazards (microorganism multiplication, contamination of drinking water) and environmental damage (chemical residues).
Maintenance: Regular cleaning and disinfection of fresh and grey water tanks is extremely important to prevent unpleasant odours, the growth of bacteria, germs and algae, as well as limescale deposits. There are special liquid, tablet or powder products available on the market that make this process easier. Water management in a camper is a constant balancing act between consumption and the availability of service points, which requires planning and responsibility. Conscious water management is key to maintaining the vehicle's self-sufficiency and responsible travel.
Chemical Toilet - Travel Toilet: How it works, how to use and empty it
Most campers are equipped with chemical toilets, most often of the cassette type, which are different from home sewage systems.
They consist of two main parts: the upper part, containing flushing water (often with added chemicals), and the lower part, which is a waste tank (faeces).
Operation and use: Before using the toilet, open the valve separating the toilet bowl from the waste tank. After use, close the valve to limit the release of unpleasant odors. The water is flushed using a pump.
Toilet paper: It is essential to use only special, fast-decomposing toilet paper designed for chemical toilets. Regular paper can clog the system and lead to failure.
Toilet chemicals: After each emptying of the waste tank, the appropriate amount of special chemical fluid or biodegradable preparation should be added. These agents break down waste, minimize the formation of sediments and effectively neutralize unpleasant odors. There is also a separate flushing fluid that is added to the upper tank.
Emptying: The holding tank should be emptied regularly, preferably before it is completely full (it is recommended to empty it when the contents reach about 3/4 of their capacity). In the summer, due to higher temperatures, it is recommended to empty it more often, even every few days, to prevent the development of intense odours. Always wear protective gloves before removing the tank. After emptying, it is a good idea to rinse the tank with water to remove any residue and then reinstall it in the toilet, making sure that everything is tight.
Emptying locations: The contents of the toilet tank may only be emptied in designated locations. These include service points at campsites, camper service stations (Camper service, Stellplatz in Germany, Aera di Sosta in Italy, Aire de Service in France), large petrol stations, truck stops or motorway service areas. Never empty the toilet outside of permitted locations, as this is unhygienic, harmful to the environment and can lead to serious health and ecological consequences.
Maintenance: Regular cleaning of the toilet and tank, checking and maintaining the seals with specialist products and ensuring good ventilation in the bathroom (e.g. through a roof fan or window) are essential for maintaining hygiene and preventing unpleasant odours and mould growth. Correct operation and maintenance of the chemical toilet is the basis of hygiene and comfort in the camper, as well as protecting the environment.
Power Supply: Connecting to Power and Alternative Sources
Campers are equipped with two batteries: one starting battery (for the engine) and the other, the so-called body battery, which supplies power to devices in the living area.
Energy management in a camper is the art of balancing needs with available sources, which affects the freedom and comfort of travel.
There are three main ways to generate electricity in a camper:
Connection to the 230V network: This is the simplest and most reliable way to power devices and charge the vehicle battery. On campsites or under the house, the motorhome is connected to an external 230V socket. The standard in Europe is the CEE type connector (blue, 3-pin), so an appropriate extension cord and adapters are necessary. After connection, power is available in the sockets inside the motorhome, the lighting works, and the charger charges the vehicle battery.
Solar panel (photovoltaic): More and more campers are equipped with roof-mounted solar panels, which allow them to obtain electricity from the sun. Solar panels provide energy independence, which is especially valuable during "wild" stops, where there is no access to external power.
Engine alternator: When driving, the motorhome engine charges both the starter battery and the body battery. A power separator is often installed between the two batteries to manage the charging.
In a camper, you have two types of sockets: 230V (e.g. for a dryer, via a converter) and 12V/USB (ideal for charging a phone). A fridge is a clever device - it works on 230V (when camping), 12V (when driving) and gas (when stationary without electricity).
When planning your route, consider access to electricity at campsites. And if you’re camping “in the wild,” keep an eye on your energy consumption – otherwise you’ll quickly run out of battery. Good electricity management = a comfortable trip.
Gas Installation: Safe Use and Management of Cylinders
The gas installation in a camper is an extremely important piece of equipment, powering many key devices such as the vehicle heating, water boiler, gas stove and refrigerator.
Gas cylinders: Most commonly used are one or two 11-kilogram propane-butane gas cylinders. Newer, lighter composite cylinders are also available on the market, which allow for continuous monitoring of the liquid level.
Storage and transport: Gas cylinders must always be stored and transported in a vertical position, in a specially designed, ventilated compartment, secured with belts. The temperature in the room where the cylinders are located should not exceed 35°C.
Use: Before turning on the gas cooker, heater or fridge, open the dedicated gas valve . When cooking - always open a window or vent to avoid the accumulation of exhaust fumes.
If you want to use the heating while driving, the vehicle must have a special safety valve that cuts off the gas in the event of an accident. Regularly check the patency and condition of the heating chimney - this is the basis for safe travel.
Safety: The gas installation in a camper requires vigilance – even a small leak in a closed space can be dangerous. Regularly check the condition of reducers, valves and hoses (which should be replaced every few years). Propane-butane gas has an intense smell – if you smell it, immediately close the cylinder, air out the vehicle and do not use electrical devices . Then be sure to visit a service center.
Don't forget about gas sensors (LPG, methane, butane) and carbon monoxide sensors - they can save lives because they detect invisible and odorless threats.
Camper Shower: Convenience at Your Fingertips
Having a shower in a camper significantly increases the comfort of traveling, eliminating the need to look for external toilets. A shower in a camper, although convenient, requires conscious management of water and ventilation to avoid hygiene and moisture problems.
Types of showers:
Internal: In larger campers, there is often a separate shower cubicle, often next to the toilet and sink. To prevent moisture accumulation and mold, the bathroom must be adequately ventilated, e.g. by a small roof fan or window.
External: This is a simpler and more compact solution, mounted outside the camper (e.g. in the trunk). The external shower is easy to use and can be quickly stowed away after bathing. To ensure privacy, you can buy a folding shower cabin, the so-called "shower tent". Remember to collect soap suds responsibly and pour them out in designated places to protect the environment.
Water: The boiler in the camper provides the right water temperature, which allows for comfortable bathing. To ensure stable water pressure, which is crucial for a shower, it is worth considering installing an electric water pump.
Where to sleep and how to behave – Campsites, overnight stays and wild camping
Planning your stops and knowing the rules of etiquette are key to a successful camper trip.
Types of camping sites: Campsites, camper parks and wild camping sites
Campervan travellers have several types of parking spaces to choose from, each offering different amenities and subject to different rules:
Campsites: They offer full infrastructure, such as access to electricity, water, sanitary facilities (showers, toilets, laundries), and often shops, restaurants and attractions (e.g. swimming pools, sports fields). They are usually fenced and monitored, which increases the sense of security. Campsites are paid, often have a "hotel day" and usually require a longer stay (e.g. several days).
Camper Parks (Stellplatz/Aera di Sosta/Aire de Service): These are special car parks designed for campers. There you will find grey water and chemical toilet disposal points , the possibility of refilling clean water and often access to electricity .
Camper parks are ideal for short stops (1-3 days) and often operate automatically – you can arrive at any time. But remember: this is a place to park, not camp. An awning, a table and a grill? Probably not here. They are usually located near cities and tourist attractions.
Wild camping: This means staying outside of designated areas, which gives you complete independence and the opportunity to be close to nature. This option is attractive to those looking for peace and quiet and savings, as it allows you to avoid camping fees.
How to Find the Perfect Place to Stay? Apps and Portals
Mobile apps are an indispensable tool for campers, offering not only navigation but also socially generated information about parking spaces and services. They make it easier to plan a route and find a suitable place to spend the night.
Mobile applications:
Park4Night: A very popular app among campervan travellers, it contains a huge database of wild camping spots, parking lots and camper parks, updated by users. It is particularly useful for finding wild spots and information about amenities such as toilets and access to water.
CamperContact: The essential tool for finding campsites, gas stations, showers and grocery stores. It offers ratings and reviews to help you choose the best places.
Stellplatz-Radar (Promobil): Similar to Park4Night, but focuses more on campsites, campervan parks (stellplatz) and service points.
Google Maps: The navigation classic, useful for planning routes (taking into account the height and width of the camper), searching for places, restaurants and saving points of interest to visit.
Other useful apps: Fuel price comparison apps (e.g. Clever Tanken, WAZE, FUELIO, tuTankuj) can help you save money on refueling. Camper leveling apps (e.g. Camper Tools) are useful for precisely aligning your vehicle when stationary.
Internet portals:
ACSI Eurocampings: The camping specialist in Europe, offering up-to-date and objective information on over 9,400 campsites. It allows you to easily search and book sites, as well as access user reviews and weather forecasts. There is also a mobile app that can be used offline.
Polskicaravaning.pl/Miejscówki : Database of overnight stays in Poland, including "wild" ones.
Camprest.com: Portal offering information about campsites in Poland and Europe.
Camping Etiquette: Good Neighbor Rules
Camping etiquette is not just a set of rules, but a foundation for harmonious coexistence in a limited space, influencing the quality of everyone's rest. Compliance with the unwritten rules of good neighborliness is crucial for a pleasant stay at the campsite.
Regulations: Always check the specific campsite regulations, which are often available at reception or on notice boards.
Distance and space: It is important to keep a safe distance (around 3-4 metres) from other campers, caravans or tents, even if the pitch boundaries are not clearly marked. It is also important not to walk on someone else's pitch, taking shortcuts to toilets or other parts of the campsite.
Night time silence: Observing the night time silence (usually from 9:00/10:00 PM to 7:00/8:00 AM) is a basic rule. During this time, you should avoid loud conversations, listening to loud music, slamming camper doors or children playing loudly. In many campsites, vehicles are also prohibited during the night time silence.
Cleanliness and order: You must clean up after yourself and keep the area around your campsite clean. This applies to both the parking space and common areas such as toilets, field kitchens or barbecue areas. Rubbish must be sorted and disposed of in appropriate containers.
Hygiene: Dishes should only be washed in designated areas (camping kitchens), never in bathrooms, at pitch taps or in other areas not designated for this purpose. Separate hoses should be used for clean water and waste water, and kept separately. Shared sanitary facilities should be left clean.
Children: Children should be supervised to ensure they do not make noise or enter other people's properties.
Pets: If you are travelling with pets, please keep them on a leash or in a kennel, clean up after them and check that the campsite is pet-friendly.
Limiting utilities: Limit your electricity, water and gas consumption to the bare minimum, remembering to turn off taps and lights.
Outdoor lighting: Bright outdoor lights (e.g. on awnings) should be switched off at night to avoid disturbing neighbours.
Compliance with these rules promotes harmonious coexistence and makes the camping stay enjoyable for everyone.
Wild Camping: Regulations, Safety and Responsibility
The appeal of "wild camping" is closely linked to responsibility and knowledge of local regulations, and ignoring them can lead to serious consequences.
Regulations in Poland: In Poland, camping outside designated areas is generally prohibited. Exceptions include:
Private land: Camping is possible with the consent of the land owner.
Public forests: Camping for one night in the same place is allowed, but only on roads made available to vehicular traffic by the forest district and in designated forest parking lots. The "Forest Data Bank" application can help you find legal places.
Prohibited places: Camping in national parks, nature reserves and on the coast is strictly prohibited and may result in a fine of up to PLN 500.
Regulations in Europe: Regulations regarding wild camping vary greatly across Europe.
Allowed/Tolerated: Scandinavian countries (Sweden, Norway) have the so-called "Jedermannsrecht law", which allows wild camping outside nature reserves, away from populated areas, for a maximum of 1-2 nights. The same applies in Ukraine, Romania, Belarus and Russia.
Limited/tolerated with conditions:
Switzerland: Regulations vary by canton, but in general wild camping is prohibited in national parks, hunting reserves and during wildlife closure periods.
Bulgaria, Croatia, Slovenia: Officially prohibited, even on private property without the owner's consent. However, outside tourist areas, the police often turn a blind eye to overnight stops.
Strictly prohibited:
Spain, Portugal, Netherlands, Belgium, France, Italy: Wild camping is officially banned and strictly monitored, especially in tourist areas. Violation of the ban can result in heavy fines.
Greece: Wild camping in tourist areas and nature reserves can result in very high fines, up to 3,000 Euro.
Rules for responsible wild camping:
"Leave no trace": This is a basic rule. Avoid making noise, leaving litter, and disturbing wildlife. Campfires are often restricted or prohibited due to the risk of fires.
Discretion: Do not deploy camping equipment (awnings, barbecues) or use intense outdoor lighting after dark to avoid attracting attention.
Choosing a place: Look for secluded, quiet places, away from residential buildings (at least 100-200 m). Good places can be found in large parking lots at tourist attractions, viewpoints or in forest bays along the road. Apps such as Park4Night or iOverlander are very helpful in locating them.
Disputes: If the police or a guard pull up and ask you to leave, you should politely apologize and follow their instructions. In some countries, like Germany and Austria, the argument "I was resting after a long drive" is legally protected, but you shouldn't argue.
Campervan Travel Costs – Budgeting and Saving
Planning a budget for your camper trip is essential, because the true costs of your trip go far beyond just the rental fee. You need to factor in fuel, tolls, camping, food and other everyday expenses.
In short – the cost of a camper trip is more than just the rental bill, so it is worth planning everything well in advance and preparing for various scenarios.
Estimated rental, fuel and camping costs - how much does a camper trip cost?
The cost of traveling by motorhome is variable and depends on many factors, such as season, type of motorhome, length of trip and lifestyle.
Campervan rental: Campervan rental prices are strongly dependent on the season.
High season (usually from mid-June to mid-September, as well as the May Day weekend, Corpus Christi, Easter, and New Year's Eve) is the most expensive period, with prices ranging from PLN 450 to over PLN 800 per day (net/gross prices).
The mid-season (April, May excluding the May Day weekend, September) is slightly cheaper, with prices ranging from PLN 400 to PLN 620 per day.
Low season (October-March) offers the lowest prices, from PLN 300 to PLN 520 per day.
The rental price includes a refundable deposit (approx. PLN 5,000) and a service fee (PLN 150-600), often free of charge for longer rentals.
As an estimate, a 7-day camper trip in Poland in high season can cost from PLN 3,790 to PLN 8,000, and a 14-day trip from PLN 6,730 to PLN 14,580. A trip to Spain will be much more expensive, e.g. 7 days in the vicinity of Barcelona will cost from PLN 7,180 to PLN 15,875.
Fuel: Fuel consumption depends on the size, weight and engine type of your motorhome.
Small camper with diesel engine: approx. 8-10 l/100 km.
Medium camper with petrol engine: approx. 12-14 l/100 km.
Large camper with diesel engine: approx. 15-18 l/100 km.
The average fuel consumption of a camper is around 10-12 liters per 100 km. With fuel prices around 6-7 PLN/liter, the cost of driving 100 km can be 80-125 PLN.
Campsites: Nightly rates for campsites vary by country and facilities.
Poland: approx. PLN 70-150 per day (for two adults, one vehicle with access to electricity).
Europe: Prices range from around 10-15 EUR (Romania, Albania) to 35-40 EUR (Italy, Switzerland, Croatia, Spain) per day.
Road Tolls: Vignettes and Toll Gates in Europe - How to Plan Your Trip
When travelling in Europe with a camper, you should expect to pay road tolls, which may take the form of vignettes, tolls at toll gates or electronic toll collection systems.
Vignettes: Many countries, such as Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, Hungary, Switzerland and Latvia, have road vignettes , which are purchased for a specific period of time – most often 10 days, a month or a year. Electronic vignettes are becoming more and more common , and can be conveniently purchased online or via mobile applications (e.g. Autopay).
The cost of a vignette for a camper up to 3.5 tons is usually from a few to several dozen euros - depending on the country and length of validity. For heavier vehicles (over 3.5 tons) different rates or additional fees may apply, such as special taxes in Switzerland.
Toll booths: In countries such as France, Italy, Spain and Greece, tolls are collected at toll booths. You can pay by cash, card and, in some countries, electronic toll collection systems are also available (e.g. Télépéage in France, Telepass in Italy, Vía-T in Spain).
Germany: Motorways are free for campers up to 7.5 tonnes GVW, except for two tunnels.
Scandinavia: In Denmark and Finland, roads are usually toll-free. Norway has an Auto Pass system that automatically collects tolls.
Additional charges: Please be aware of clean transport zones (e.g. Crit'Air in France) which may require special stickers.
Saving money when travelling by camper: Practical tips to avoid extra travel costs
Traveling in a campervan, while freeing you up, can be expensive. However, there are a number of ways to cut costs:
Wild camping: Using free camping sites (where legal and safe) instead of paid campgrounds can save you a lot of money. However, always follow local laws and leave no trace rules.
Discount cards: If you're planning on camping, consider getting the ACSI card, which offers discounts (up to 60%) outside the high season at over 3,000 European campsites.
Cooking Your Own: Preparing your own meals in your camper is much cheaper than eating out in restaurants. The difference in cost can be huge. It is worth taking supplies with you or buying from local shops and supermarkets.
Economical driving: To burn less fuel, drive at moderate speeds, avoid sudden acceleration and braking, and remove all unnecessary items from the vehicle. Air conditioning and cruise control increase fuel consumption. Choosing routes that allow for a smooth drive and using GPS navigation to find the most economical route also helps. Alcove campers burn slightly more fuel than streamlined semis.
Route planning: It’s a good idea to plan longer trips at night to avoid traffic jams and ensure a smooth ride.
Avoiding mass events: Mass events, festivals and celebrations significantly increase prices in the immediate area (accommodation, food) and also generate traffic jams, which increases fuel consumption.
Thoughtful souvenir shopping: It is worth applying the principles of minimalism and choosing only really valuable, original or practical souvenirs, instead of buying a lot of trinkets.
After the trip – Returning the camper and maintenance
The final stage of a camper journey is its proper preparation for return or winter storage, which helps avoid additional costs and ensures the longevity of the vehicle.
How to prepare a camper for return rental
Preparing your camper for return to the rental company is crucial to getting your full deposit back. You should carefully read the terms of your rental agreement, which will specify the requirements for the condition of the vehicle upon return.
Interior cleaning: Maintaining order on an ongoing basis during a trip makes final cleaning much easier. The interior of the camper should be thoroughly cleaned, including vacuuming mattresses and cabinets, washing floors and countertops. It is worth protecting upholstery and mattresses from dirt (e.g. throws, underlays) to avoid laundry costs. To clean the interior, use gentle agents designed for surfaces in the camper, not aggressive household detergents.
Washing the exterior: The camper should be washed from the outside. This is most conveniently done at a touchless car wash, which often has stations adapted for washing tall vehicles. Be careful when using pressure washers so as not to flood the ventilation grilles or refrigerator openings. It is recommended to wash the roof and walls by hand, using specialist agents for camper bodies. After washing, it is worth protecting the rubber seals of windows and doors with silicone.
Emptying tanks: One of the most important points is to empty the grey water tank and the chemical toilet cassette. This should only be done at designated service points or at campsites. Failure to empty the tanks is a common cause for deposit deductions.
Refueling: Many rental companies require that the vehicle be returned with a full tank of fuel, just as it was when picked up.
Vehicle condition check: Before returning, the condition of the camper must be checked again thoroughly and documented (photos, video) so that you have evidence in the event of any disputes regarding damages. It is also important to return the vehicle on time to avoid additional fees.
Camper maintenance after the season (wintering)
For camper owners who don’t plan on traveling in the winter, properly winterizing your vehicle is crucial to its longevity and avoiding damage caused by low temperatures and humidity.
Cleaning and washing: The camper should be thoroughly washed inside and out before winter storage. After washing, it is a good idea to cover the body with a specialist wax.
Draining and cleaning the water system: This is one of the most important steps. The clean and gray water tanks and the boiler should be completely drained, as well as all water lines to prevent pipes from freezing and bursting. Then the water system should be cleaned and disinfected with special agents to remove sludge, sediment, germs and algae.
Gas installation: Close the gas cylinder valves and check the tightness of the installation.
Batteries: The body batteries should be fully charged. If the camper does not have a solar panel to keep the battery charged, it is recommended to remove the battery during winter storage and store it in a warm place.
Tires: Tires should be inflated slightly higher than normal (approximately 15% above operating pressure, but not exceeding allowable pressure limits) to compensate for pressure loss in cold temperatures.
Pest Control: To repel mice and insects, you can place bars of Irish Spring soap in the RV (mice hate the smell) or pieces of flea collars from dogs (they keep wasps away from propane lines). Wipe down interior surfaces with Pine-Sol to discourage flies. You can also tape cables to keep ants out of the vehicle.
Interior Ventilation: Ensure that there is adequate air circulation inside the camper to prevent moisture build-up and mould. Windows or roof hatches can be left slightly ajar (if safe to do so).
Cover: After washing and waxing, the camper can be covered with a special tarpaulin designed for this purpose, avoiding the use of foil, which does not ensure proper air circulation.
Mechanical Maintenance: It is a good idea to inspect and maintain chassis components, hinges, seat rails and supports using appropriate lubricants.
Summary and Recommendations
Your first trip in a camper is an unforgettable adventure that offers unique freedom and closeness to nature.
However, for it to be fully successful and safe, it requires careful preparation and awareness of many aspects, from the choice of vehicle to the rules of use on the road and when parked.
Key takeaways and recommendations for first-time campers:
Choose your vehicle wisely: Before deciding to rent or buy a camper, carefully consider your needs (number of people, comfort preferences, planned routes) and familiarize yourself with the different types of campers. Renting is a great option to start with, allowing you to "test drive" and understand what type of vehicle best suits your travel style before making a costly purchase.
Thoroughly review your rental agreement: Take the time to read your rental agreement carefully, paying attention to any “hidden costs” – service fees, mileage limits, deposit refund terms, and insurance coverage. Considering deposit insurance can provide peace of mind and financial protection against minor damages.
Knowledge of driving regulations and specifics: Understanding the requirements for driving licenses (GVWR) and speed limits in Poland and European countries is crucial. Remember the larger dimensions of the camper (height, width, weight), which affects maneuvering, braking and driving in difficult terrain (e.g. in the mountains or in strong winds). Practice in parking and maneuvering is invaluable.
Comprehensive preparation and packing: Before each trip, a thorough technical inspection of the camper (fluids, tires, brakes, installations) should be carried out. Packing should be thought out, with an emphasis on functionality and space optimization. Documents, a first aid kit, appropriate clothing, kitchen equipment, and emergency tools and accessories are essential.
Safety first: Installing and regularly checking carbon monoxide and explosive gas detectors is absolutely crucial to life safety in the enclosed space of your camper. Always have a fire extinguisher on hand.
Responsible resource management: Conscious management of water (filling, emptying clean and grey water tanks in designated places) and gas (safe use, ventilation) is the foundation of comfort and care for the environment. Correct operation of a chemical toilet, using special paper and chemicals, is essential for hygiene and efficient operation of the system.
Etiquette and conscious camping: Always respect campsite rules and good neighborliness (quiet hours, keeping distance, cleanliness). When camping wild, it is essential to know the local regulations (which vary greatly across Europe) and to follow the "leave no trace" rule to avoid conflicts with the law and negative impact on the environment. Mobile apps are an invaluable tool for finding legal and suitable camping sites.
Budgeting and saving: Create a detailed budget that includes not only rentals but also fuel, tolls (vignettes, gates), camping costs, food and other expenses. Cooking your own meals, using discount cards at campsites and driving economically are effective ways to reduce travel costs.
Care after the trip: Thoroughly cleaning the camper (inside and out) and emptying all tanks before returning the rental is essential to get your deposit back. For owners, proper winterizing of the camper (draining fluids, maintenance, pest control) will ensure its longevity.
Travelling by camper is a unique opportunity to discover the world on your own terms. With the right knowledge and preparation, even your first trip can become a source of unforgettable memories and the beginning of a passion for caravanning.
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